Vladimir Propp
Vladimir Propp was a folklorist researcher interested in the relationship between characters and narrative. Propp argued that stories are character driven and that plots develop from the decisions and actions of characters and how they function in a story. He claimed characters could be classified into certain roles that progress a story.
Propp extended the Russian Formalist study of language to his analysis of folk tales. He broke down the tales into the smallest possible units, which he called narrative functions, necessary for the narrative to exist. Each narrative function is an event that drives the narrative forward, possibly taking it in a different direction. Not all of these functions appear in every story, but they always appear in this order.
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